Ethics of authorship

Each person who has contributed significantly to the concept, design, execution, or interpretation of the research or study of the manuscript should be listed as a co-author. If other individuals have significantly participated in the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as collaborators. The corresponding author should review and confirm that co-authors are included in the paper, and that all co-authors have seen, approved, and agreed to the final version of the manuscript.

All authors should declare in their manuscript any financial or other conflicts of interest that could be understood to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the research project should also be adequately acknowledged.

Authors of papers reporting original research should accurately describe the research or work conducted and objectively discuss its relevance to the field. All supporting evidence and data should be accurately represented in the paper. Each manuscript should also include references that allow others to reconstruct the argument. It is unacceptable to include inaccurate statements or fabricated data in the manuscript intentionally, and it is considered unethical behavior.

When requested by the editor, authors should provide raw evidence and data related to a manuscript for editorial review and be prepared to provide access to that evidence. They should also be prepared to retain such evidence and data for a reasonable time after publication.

Authors must appropriately acknowledge the work of others and cite all publications that have significantly influenced their scholarly understanding of the subject matter of their work.